Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 148

会议视频 3

年份

2024 1

2023 11

2022 13

2021 13

2020 11

2019 9

2018 17

2017 12

2016 9

2015 4

2014 5

2013 6

2012 4

2011 7

2010 6

2009 4

2008 4

2007 4

2006 2

2005 2

展开︾

关键词

中国 2

交通 2

发展 2

多式联运 2

社交媒体 2

综合运输 2

&ldquo 1

N 1

N-二乙基乙醇胺 1

Q值监测 1

SARS-CoV-2 1

ToF）；散射介质；拐角遮挡 1

上海港 1

中空纤维 1

主动式队列管理；传输控制协议；往返时滞；史密斯预估器 1

二氧化碳吸收 1

二氧化碳捕集 1

互联电力网 1

交通能源系统 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

纳米多孔介质中的流体流动

Weiyao Zhu,Bin Pan,Zhen Chen,Wengang Bu,Qipeng Ma,Kai Liu,Ming Yue

《工程（英文）》 2024年第32卷第1期页码 139-152 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.014

摘要：

Fluid flow at nanoscale is closely related to many areas in nature and technology, e.g., unconventional hydrocarbon recovery, carbon dioxide geo-storage, underground hydrocarbon storage, fuel cells, ocean desalination and biomedicine. At nanoscale, interfacial forces dominate over bulk forces, and nonlinear effects are important, which significantly deviate from conventional theory. During the past decades, a series of experiments, theory and simulations have been performed to investigate fluid flow at nanoscale, which has advanced our fundamental knowledge of this topic. However, a critical review is still lacking, which has seriously limited the basic understanding of this area. Therefore herein, we systematically review experimental, theoretical and simulation works on single- and multi- phases fluid flow at nanoscale. We also clearly point out the current research gaps and future outlook. These insights will promote the significant development of nonlinear flow physics at nanoscale and will provide crucial guidance on the relevant areas.

关键词： Transport in nanoporous media Multi-phase fluid dynamics Nonlinear flow mechanisms Nonlinear flow conservation equations Interfacial forces Molecular dynamics simulation

HTML PDF 收藏

Transport of antibiotic resistance plasmids in porous media and the influence of surfactants

Peipei Chen, Chaoqi Chen, Xiqing Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0986-7

摘要： Transport of engineered antibiotic resistance plasmids in porous media has been reported to potentially cause significant spreading of antibiotic resistance in the environment. In this work, transport of an indigenous resistance plasmid pK5 in porous media was investigated through packed column experiments. At identical ionic strengths in CaCl solutions, the breakthroughs of pK5 from soil columns were very close to those from quartz sand columns, indicating that transport of pK5 in quartz sand and soil was similar. A similarity in transport behavior was also found between pK5 and an engineered plasmid pBR322 that has approximately the same number of base pairs as pK5. The influence of surfactants, a major group of constituents in soil solutions, was examined using an engineered plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/myc-His A. The impact of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), was negligible at concentrations up to 200 mg·L . Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, was found to significantly enhance plasmid adsorption at high concentrations. However, at environmentally relevant concentrations (<1 mg·L ), the effect of this surfactant was also minimal. The negligible impact of surfactants and the similarity between the transport of engineered and indigenous plasmids indicate that under environmentally relevant conditions, indigenous plasmids in soil also have the potential to transport over long distances and lead to the spreading of antibiotic resistance.

关键词： Indigenous plasmid Transport Porous media Surfactants

HTML PDF 收藏

Analytical solutions of three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media

Hongtao WANG, Huayong WU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 112-128 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0067-z

摘要： The purpose of this study is to present a library of analytical solutions for the three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media with the first-order decay, linear sorption, and zero-order production. The library is constructed using Green's function method (GFM) in combination with available solutions. The library covers a wide range of solutions for various conditions. The aquifer can be vertically finite, semi-infinitive or infinitive, and laterally semi-infinitive or infinitive. The geometry of the sources can be of point, line, plane or volumetric body; and the source release can be continuous, instantaneous, or by following a given function over time. Dimensionless forms of the solutions are also proposed. A computer code FlowCAS is developed to calculate the solutions. Calculated results demonstrate the correctness of the presented solutions. The library is widely applicable to solve contaminant transport problems of one- or multiple- dimensions in uniform flow fields.

关键词： solution library contaminant transport analytical solution dispersion and advection porous media type curve Green's function method (GFM)

HTML PDF 收藏

Preparation of adsorptive nanoporous membrane using powder activated carbon: Isotherm and thermodynamic

Majid Peyravi

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 673-687 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1800-9

摘要： Adsorptive polyethesulfone (PES) membranes were prepared by intercalation of powder activated carbon (PAC) with and without functionalization. Accordingly, PAC was aminated with 1,5-diamino-2-methylpentane, and the physicochemical properties of the functionalized PAC were analyzed. Intercalation of PAC within the PES scaffold changed the porosity and mean pore size of the aminated membrane (AC-NH ) from 52.6% to 92.5% and from 22.6 nm to 3.5 nm, respectively. The effect of temperature on the performance of the modified membranes was monitored by the flux and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of leachate. At ambient temperature, the COD removal of the neat, AC-containing, and AC-NH membranes was 47%, 52%, and 58.5%, respectively. A similar increment was obtained for the membrane flux, which was due to the synergistic effect of the high porosity and large number of hydrophilic functional groups. The experimental leachate adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin- Radushkevich isotherm models. For all membranes, the signiﬁcant thermodynamic parameters ( , , and ) were calculated and compared. The isosteric heat of adsorption was lower than 80 kJ∙mol , indicating that the interaction between the membranes and the leachate is mainly physical, involving weak van der Waals forces.

关键词： amine functionality nanoporous membrane adsorption isotherm thermodynamic parameters landfill leachate

HTML PDF 收藏

Largely reduced cross-plane thermal conductivity of nanoporous In

Dongchao XU, Quan WANG, Xuewang WU, Jie ZHU, Hongbo ZHAO, Bo XIAO, Xiaojia WANG, Xiaoliang WANG, Qing HAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 127-136 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0519-5

摘要： In recent year, nanoporous Si thin films have been widely studied for their potential applications in thermoelectrics, in which high thermoelectric performance can be obtained by combining both the dramatically reduced lattice thermal conductivity and bulk-like electrical properties. Along this line, a high thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) is also anticipated for other nanoporous thin films, whose bulk counterparts possess superior electrical properties but also high lattice thermal conductivities. Numerous thermoelectric studies have been carried out on Si-based nanoporous thin films, whereas cost-effective nitrides and oxides are not systematically studied for similar thermoelectric benefits. In this work, the cross-plane thermal conductivities of nanoporous In Ga N thin films with varied porous patterns were measured with the time-domain thermoreflectance technique. These alloys are suggested to have better electrical properties than conventional Si Ge alloys; however, a high ZT is hindered by their intrinsically high lattice thermal conductivity, which can be addressed by introducing nanopores to scatter phonons. In contrast to previous studies using dry-etched nanopores with amorphous pore edges, the measured nanoporous thin films of this work are directly grown on a patterned sapphire substrate to minimize the structural damage by dry etching. This removes the uncertainty in the phonon transport analysis due to amorphous pore edges. Based on the measurement results, remarkable phonon size effects can be found for a thin film with periodic 300-nm-diameter pores of different patterns. This indicates that a significant amount of heat inside these alloys is still carried by phonons with ~300 nm or longer mean free paths. Our studies provide important guidance for ZT enhancement in alloys of nitrides and similar oxides.

关键词： nanoporous film thermoelectrics phonon mean free path diffusive scattering

HTML PDF 收藏

Simulation of heterogeneous two-phase media using random fields and level sets

George STEFANOU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 114-120 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0267-5

摘要： The accurate and efficient simulation of random heterogeneous media is important in the framework of modeling and design of complex materials across multiple length scales. It is usually assumed that the morphology of a random microstructure can be described as a non-Gaussian random field that is completely defined by its multivariate distribution. A particular kind of non-Gaussian random fields with great practical importance is that of translation fields resulting from a simple memory-less transformation of an underlying Gaussian field with known second-order statistics. This paper provides a critical examination of existing random field models of heterogeneous two-phase media with emphasis on level-cut random fields which are a special case of translation fields. The case of random level sets, often used to represent the geometry of physical systems, is also examined. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the basic features of the different approaches.

关键词： microstructure random fields level sets shape recovery two-phase media

HTML PDF 收藏

纳米多孔储气材料的物理吸附特性研究进展 Review

Katie A. Cychosz,Matthias Thommes

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第4期页码 559-566 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.06.001

摘要：

评估纳米多孔材料的吸附性能并确定它们的结构表征，对于将这类材料用于包括气体储存在内的许多应用至关重要。气体吸附法可用于此表征，因为它可以评估从微孔到中孔的各种孔径。在过去的20 年中，关于有序纳米多孔材料中流体的吸附和相行为的知识以及基于统计力学的最先进的方法的创新和发展，如分子模拟和密度泛函理论，都取得了重大进展。再结合高分辨率的亚临界和超临界流体吸附实验程序，使物理吸附结构表征取得了显著进步。笔者不仅讨论了流体在具有明确孔隙结构的各种纳米多孔材料中基础吸附机理的一些重要和中心特征，还讨论了这些特征对促进物理吸附表征和储存气体应用的重要性。

关键词：吸附表征高压吸附纳米多孔材料

HTML PDF 收藏

Social media and mobility landscape: Uncovering spatial patterns of urban human mobility with multi source

Yilan Cui, Xing Xie, Yi Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1068-1

摘要：

Check-in and survey data are explored to identify personal activity-specific places.

Ways for detecting and moderating sample bias of Weibo check-in data is proposed.

A graphic representation of urban activity intensity in Beijing, China is presented.

The potential application of Weibo check-in data for urban analysis is introduced.

关键词： Social media Human mobility Population bias Sample reconstruction Data integration

HTML PDF 收藏

Immunogenicity and protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus in mice of Hib conjugate

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期页码 490-498 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0470-y

摘要：

This study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective immunity of a Hemophilus influenzae b (Hib) polysaccharide conjugate vaccine with the pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) protein carrier in young mice. The Hib polysaccharide was conjugated with the rPsaA protein carrier, which was produced using recombinant DNA technology. A total of 15 young mice aged 3 weeks to 5 weeks were immunized with the conjugate vaccine, and another 15 young mice of the same age were immunized with the licensed Hib-tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine. Furthermore, the third group of 15 young mice was inoculated with phosphate buffer saline as control. The immunized mice were inoculated with pneumococcus in the middle ear. Results showed that IgG antibody responses against both the PsaA protein and Hib polysaccharide were observed in the Hib-PsaA group. However, no statistical difference was observed in the titer of IgG against the Hib polysaccharide between Hib-PsaA and Hib-TT groups. The elimination rate of pneumococcus and the inflammation of the middle ear showed the effectiveness of protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus. Our results suggest that the Hib polysaccharide can be successfully conjugated with rPsaA via amide condensation. This new Hib-PsaA conjugate vaccine can induce both anti-PsaA and anti-Hib immune responses in young mice and elicit effective protection against acute otitis media caused by pneumococcus.

关键词： conjugate vaccine pneumococcal surface adhesin A Hemophilus influenzae b immunogenicity otitis media

HTML PDF 收藏

analysis and seepage process study on crystal layer in melt crystallization with fractal and porous media

Xiaobin JIANG, Baohong HOU, Yongli WANG, Jingkang WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 435-441 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1139-3

摘要： In this paper a porous media seepage model was applied to analyze the permeability and study the seepage process of crystal pillar formed in the preparation of electronic grade phosphoric acid (EGPA). By inspecting the seeping process, the structure parameter of crystal pillar could be obtained. Two basic ideal models (perfectly separated model and perfectly connected model) were presented and a characterized factor was introduced to modify the model. A good simulation result was obtained which met the experiment result well. The relationship between and permeability were also discussed. The characterized factor showed potential application on optimizing process.

关键词： melt crystallization porous media fractal permeability hyperpure material simulation

HTML PDF 收藏

葡萄糖辅助构建用于脱盐的高稳定超薄纳米多孔膜 Article

张艳秋, 杨帆, 孙红光, 白永平, 李松伟, 邵路

《工程（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 247-255 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.033

摘要：

尽管纳米多孔膜在海水淡化中引起了人们的广泛关注，但构建具有较高截留率和高渗透性的纳米多孔膜以实现高效的海水淡化过程仍然具有挑战性。本研究中，高渗透性的纳米多孔膜在葡萄糖和多巴胺的多种功能的辅助下，通过与1,3,5-苯三甲酰三氯（TMC）的界面反应来制备。葡萄糖的小分子（0.66 nm）具有高亲水性，可以扩散到膜内部进行有效反应，确保结构完整性。本文中新型超薄（44 nm）纳滤（NF）膜在5 bar（1 bar = 10⁵ Pa）的压力下具有超高的Na₂SO₄通量及优异的 Na₂SO₄（66.5 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹, 97.3%）和MgSO₄（63.0 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹, 92.1%）截留率，其性能远优于基于天然产物的NF膜的性能。该膜表现出优异的长期稳定性，以及卓越的酸碱稳定性和抗污染能力。这项基于膜材料和结构的设计为超越现有膜材料分离膜打开了新的大门。

关键词：纳米多空膜可再生资源纳滤脱盐葡萄糖

HTML PDF 收藏

The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1336-8

摘要：

• Emission of microbe from local environments is a main source of bioaerosols.

关键词： Bioaerosols Diffusion Source identification Biogeography

HTML PDF 收藏

Migration and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bioretention systems with different media:

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-024-1802-9

摘要：

● Bioretention systems showed > 92% load reduction rates of PAHs.

关键词： Bioretention Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons HYDRUS-1D Model simulation Migration

HTML PDF 收藏

Intercontinental transport of air pollution

Lin ZHANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 20-29 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0014-7

摘要： There is an increasing interest on the intercontinental transport of air pollution among the three main emission regions at northern mid-latitudes: North America, Europe, and East Asia. Air pollutants with sufficient long lifetime can be transported from one continent to another. Observations from ground sites, aircraft and satellites have demonstrated this intercontinental-scale transport of air pollutants in the free troposphere. Numerical models have been applied to understand the pathways of the transport and the impact of intercontinental pollution transport. This paper reviews current observational evidence and modeling studies of intercontinental transport of ozone and its precursors, and the resulting impacts on air quality.

关键词： intercontinental transport ozone air pollution

HTML PDF 收藏

The influence of social media on stock volatility

Xianjiao WU, Xiaolin WANG, Shudong MA, Qiang YE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 201-211 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017018

摘要： This study explores the influence of social media on stock volatility and builds a feature model with an intelligence algorithm using social media data from Xueqiu.com in China, Sina Finance and Economics, Sina Microblog, and Oriental Fortune. We find that the effect of social factors, such as increased attention to a stock’s volatility, is more significant than public sentiment. A prediction model is introduced based on social factors and public sentiment to predict stock volatility. Our findings indicate that the influence of social media data on the next day’s volatility is more significant but declines over time.

关键词： stock volatility social data sentiment analysis boosting algorithm